A case of non-syndromic, complete syndactyly involving all four limbs is described in a three-month-old male crossbreed dog for the first time.Syndactyly is a rare condition in most animal species, in dogs it has been infrequently reported. Findings of clinical, radiographic and cytogenetic analyses are described and demonstrate probably for the first time that numerical and structural chromosome aberrations are not involved in the pathogenesis of this case of syndactyly.
Distal Extremities
Journal: VCOT
Objectives: Lameness after metacarpal and metatarsal fractures in dogs is reported to occur with an incidence of 18% to 70%. On the basis of long-term results, the prognosis of these injuries was re-evaluated retrospectively. Methods: Medical records of 100 dogs with complete clinical and radiographic follow-up examinations after an average of four years (4 months - 14 years) were evaluated. According to their treatment, patients were allocated to three groups (Group 1 = conservative, Group 2 = surgical, Group 3 = combined).
Category: Distal Extremities - Fracture Fixation and Implants - Trauma
Journal: JAVMA
Case Description-A 10-year-old spayed female Jack Russell Terrier and a 7-year-old neutered male mixed-breed dog were evaluated because of acute, progressive, unilateral forelimb lameness associated with signs of pain and turgid antebrachial swelling. Clinical Findings-For either dog, there were no salient pathological or diagnostic imaging abnormalities. A diagnosis of compartment syndrome was confirmed on the basis of high caudal antebrachial compartmental pressure in the affected forelimb. Treatment and Outcome-Both dogs underwent surgical exploration of the affected forelimb.
Category: Distal Extremities - Oncology
Journal: JSAP
Four skeletally immature, small breed dogs (five elbows) with elbow incongruency were evaluated for forelimb lameness. Findings on clinical examination included pain, effusion and decreased range of motion of the affected elbow. Radiography, computed tomography and arthroscopy demonstrated elbow incongruency in all dogs. Fragmented medial coronoid process was diagnosed arthroscopically in three dogs (four elbows). Arthroscopic subtotal coronoidectomy was performed in all cases of fragmented medial coronoid process.
Category: Arthroscopy - Deformity - Distal Extremities - Elbow
Journal: Vet Radiol Ultrasound
Flexor enthesopathy is an important differential diagnosis for elbow lameness in dogs. The disorder can be a primary cause of elbow lameness or concomitant with other elbow pathology. Since treatment differs for primary and concomitant forms of flexor enthesopathy, a noninvasive method for distinguishing between them is needed.
Category: Distal Extremities - Elbow - Tendon and Ligament Injuries
Journal: Vet Radiol Ultrasound
Flexor enthesopathy is a recently recognized elbow disorder in dogs and considered to be an important differential diagnosis for elbow lameness. Primary and concomitant forms of the disease have been previously described and treatments differ for the two forms. The goal of this prospective study was to compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for dogs with primary flexor enthesopathy (n = 17), concomitant flexor enthesopathy (n = 23), elbow dysplasia alone (n = 13), and normal elbows (n = 7). Each elbow joint underwent MRI using the same low-field scanner.
Category: Distal Extremities - Elbow - Tendon and Ligament Injuries
Journal: Vet Surg
OBJECTIVE:
To describe the direction and magnitude of the rotation of the radius relative to the ulna during extension of the carpus and to describe the effect of carpal extension on internal and external rotation of the radius relative to the ulna.
STUDY DESIGN:
In vitro experiment.
ANIMALS:
Cadaveric canine thoracic limbs (n = 11).
METHODS:
Category: Carpus - Distal Extremities
Journal: VCOT
This report describes limb-sparing surgery in a 35 kg, six-year-old Hungarian Vizsla with a distal radial lytic bone lesion. Preoperative biopsy had suggested a bone cyst, however histopathology on the excised bone segment was indicative of an osteosarcoma. Following excision of the tumour, the bone defect was filled with a composite bone graft and stabilized with a custom-made dorsal 3.5/2.7 mm pancarpal arthrodesis plate and an orthogonally positioned medial 2.7 mm compression plate. This technique has not previously been described for limb-sparing procedures.
Category: Distal Extremities - Fracture Fixation and Implants - Oncology
Journal: VCOT
A six-year-old Labrador Retriever was presented for management of a 2 x 2 cm cutaneous mass over the dorsal aspect of the carpus. A fine needle aspirate performed by the referring veterinarian was consistent with a mast cell tumour. The ipsilateral prescapular lymph node was enlarged. Preoperative staging did not reveal any evidence of metastasis. Wide excision of the mass and prescapular lymphadenectomy were performed.
Category: Distal Extremities - Oncology
Journal: Vet Surg
OBJECTIVE:
To compare a medially applied 2.7 mm locking compression plate (LCP) to a cranially applied 3.5 mm LCP in a cadaveric distal radial fracture gap model.
STUDY DESIGN:
In vitro mechanical testing of paired cadaveric limbs
SAMPLE POPULATION:
Paired radii (n = 8) stabilized with either a 2.7 mm LCP medially or a 3.5 mm LCP cranially.
METHODS:
Category: Distal Extremities - Fracture Fixation and Implants - Trauma