Treatment

Authors: Jennifer S. Taintor, James Wright, Fred Caldwell, Bailey Dymond, John Schumacher
Journal: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science

Degenerative joint disease (DJD) or osteoarthritis in the equine is largely a result of biomechanical stressors that result in inflammation within the joint, which with continual exposure, leads to progressive degeneration. A myriad of therapies are available for treatment of horses with DJD including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, physiological modifiers, and biological therapies.

Authors: Toby J. Koenig, Andrew J. Dart, C. Wayne McIlwraith, Neil Horadagoda, Robin J. Bell, Nigel Perkins, Christina Dart, Mark Krockenberger, Leo B. Jeffcott and Christopher B. Little
Journal: Veterinary Surgery

Objective

To assess the effects of sodium pentosan polysulfate (PPS), N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG), and sodium hyaluronan (HA) in horses with induced osteoarthritis (OA).

Study Design

Experimental.

Animals

Adult Standard bred horses (n = 16).

Authors: Dora J. Ferris, David D. Frisbie, John D. Kisiday, C. Wayne McIlwraith, Brent A. Hague, Michael D. Major, Robert K. Schneider, Chad J. Zubrod, Christopher E. Kawcak and Laurie R. Goodrich
Journal: Veterinary Surgery

Objective

To report outcome of horses with femorotibial lesions (meniscal, cartilage or ligamentous) treated with surgery and intra-articular administration of autologous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).
Study Design

Prospective case series.
Animals

Horses (n = 33).
Methods

Category: Equine - Stem cells - Treatment
Authors: Santiago D. Gutierrez-Nibeyro, DVM, MS; Marcos P. Santos, DVM; Nathaniel A. White II, DVM, MS; James A. Brown, BVSc, MS; M. Norris Adams, DVM; Alexia L. McKnight, DVM; David J. Schaeffer, PhD
Journal: American Journal of Veterinary Research

Objective—To determine the safety and short-term efficacy of intrabursal administration of botulinum toxin type B (BTXB) to alleviate lameness in horses with degenerative injury to the podotrochlear apparatus (PA).

Animals—10 Quarter Horses with degenerative injury to the PA.

Category: Equine - Lameness - Treatment
Authors: Thomas O’Brien, Robert J. Hunt
Journal: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice

In all surgeries with the patient standing under chemical and physical restraint, patient compliance is of the utmost importance. All fractures of the third metacarpal or metatarsal condyles and sagittal fracture of the first phalanx are not amenable to internal fixation with the horse standing, and young unhandled horses may not have a suitable disposition for standing surgical treatment of septic pedal osteitis, or implantation and removal of transphyseal screws. Previous operator experience in performing the procedure or technique under general anesthesia is beneficial.

Category: Equine - Treatment
Authors: Alicia L. Bertone, Akikazu Ishihara, Lisa J. Zekas, Maxey L. Wellman, Katharine B. Lewis, Rebecca A. Schwarze, Andrea R. Barnaba, Michael L. Schmall, Peter M. Kanter, Ron L. Genovese
Journal: American Journal of Veterinary Research

Objective—To evaluate intra-articular autologous protein solution (APS) for the treatment of osteoarthritis in horses.

Animals—40 client-owned horses with naturally occuring osteoarthritis.

Authors: M. C. Maher, L. V. Schnabel, J. A. Cross, M. G. Papich, T. J. Divers and L. A. Fortier
Journal: Equine Veterinary Journal

Reasons for study

To determine whether low-dose, low-frequency doxycycline administration is capable of achieving chondroprotective concentrations within synovial fluid (SF) while remaining below minimum inhibitory concentration 90 (MIC90) of most equine pathogens and would be an option in the management of osteoarthritis.
Objectives

Authors: J. H. Foreman, R. Ruemmler
Journal: Equine Veterinary Journal

Summary
Reasons for performing study

There are no peer reviewed, blinded controlled studies regarding the skeletal analgesic efficacy of intramuscularly administered meperidine in horses.
Objectives

Using an adjustable heart bar shoe model of equine foot pain, the objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that meperidine (pethidine) administered intramuscularly would prove more efficacious in alleviating lameness than a saline placebo.
Study design

Crossover pharmacodynamic experiment.
Methods

Category: Equine - Lameness - Treatment
Authors: Jamie A. Textor, Neil H. Willits, Fern Tablin
Journal: The Veterinary Journal

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) products may be useful for treatment of joint disease in horses, but may contain undesirable pro-inflammatory cytokines in addition to growth factors. This study investigated whether autologous PRP increases synovial fluid growth factor and cytokine concentrations when injected into normal equine metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal (fetlock) joints. Fetlock joints of seven healthy horses received one of four treatments: saline, resting PRP, CaCl2-activated PRP or thrombin-activated PRP.

Category: Equine - Treatment
Authors: H. K. Knych, M. A. Vidal, H. C. Casbeer and D. S. McKemie
Journal: Equine Veterinary Journal

Summary
Reason for performing study

The use of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in performance horses necessitates establishing appropriate withdrawal times prior to performance.
Objectives

To describe the plasma pharmacokinetics of TA and time-related urine and synovial fluid concentrations following i.m. and intra-articular administration to exercised Thoroughbred horses.
Study design

Block design.
Methods