Spine

Follow-up studies are warranted to determine the clinical efficacy of celecoxib-loaded PEAMs in chronic back pain.
Bilateral twisted string-of-pearls locking plates can be associated with a satisfactory result in treating lumbosacral fracture-luxation.
NCM has potential in a regenerative therapy for disc degeneration, and warrants additional in vivo studies.
The aim of this article is to review potential regenerative treatment strategies for canine IVD degeneration, with specific emphasis on cell-based strategies.
Future exploration of the canine model as a model of IVD-associated spinal pain will further demonstrate its translational capabilities with the added ethical benefit of treating an existing veterinary patient population with IVDD.
Therefore, intradiscal NCM injection could be a promising regenerative treatment for IVD disease, circumventing the cumbersome identification of bioactive NC-secreted substances.
Annulus injury-induced DDD leads to acute and progressive changes to the morphology and densitometry of bone in the adjacent vertebral bodies and endplates.
Bioactive PSs may reduce screw loosening to overcome the obstacles confronted in spinal instrumentation surgery.
Finite element models have been used for years in human medicine to study the dynamic behavior of structures, but it has been mostly overlooked in veterinary studies.